Artificial Intelligence (AI) was introduced to the world in the 1940s. Scientists from various fields began to discuss the possibility of an artificial brain by the interaction between the network of neurons and digital signals. Finally, in 1956, Artificial Intelligence (AI) was opened to the world from Dartmouth Conference with Marvin Minsky, John McCarthy, Claude Shannon, and Nathan Rochester. The interests in the study of Artificial Intelligence continuously inclined from 1956 onward. Therefore, the AI technique integrates into many technologies of communication, transportation, and medicine. Consequently, the adoption of AI will stand out in healthcare, decreasing the health risk, and improving the medical field's productivity opposing the negative perception like suspicion of skill's accuracy.
Recent years can be defined by the uptrend of Artificial Intelligence. According to the chart "Artificial Intelligence Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2015-2024", the revenue and use of Artificial Intelligence continually illustrates the prediction of increase. In 2020, the major regions such as North America and the Asia Pacific are developing AI technology for transportation and data analysis, and various countries consider using AI in the medical field. The AI adoption in healthcare has been an arguable topic by ethnic disadvantage and technological advancement. People are often concerned about a lack of personal involvement, a rise in unemployment rates, and a possibility of a defective diagnosis. However, AI enables more precise mechanical skills and efficient decision making. For example, in 2016, The ba-duk competition between Lee-se-dol (professional ba-duk player) and AlphaGo (AI) resulted in the victory of AlphaGo. Due to the faster decision making and sophisticated performance skill, many developed countries try to operate the AI system in medical fields such as health care to detect the change in blood pressure, organ's function, and daily checkup. Regardless of the concerns, Artificial Intelligence has been used for many technology systems around one's life. Vehicular detection, static image recognition, and cybersecurity contain AI. Also, a high percentage of organizations and leaders perceive AI and machine learning as "game-changer" and "useful opportunities to use data" (FinancesOnline).
The adoption of AI, which already shows the possibility and potential in numerous fields, also demonstrates the capability to enhance medical technology and social issues. Physical disease and Mental disease contain the importance of early diagnosis. The performance of AI enables early diagnosis and decreases the mortality rate. For instance, cancer has four steps: I(1) to IV (4). Most cancer patients usually find their condition when cancer shows III or IV levels. The cancer death rate is 158.5 per 100,000 men and women per year (based on 2013-2017 deaths) and increases continuously. According to WHO, World Health Organization, "Primary prevention and early detection through improved awareness, early clinical diagnosis, and organized screening (for selected cancer types) are among the key components of cancer control, which, in turn, can lead to a decrease in cancer incidence and mortality in the population" (WHO). Moreover, common mental illnesses, such as generalized anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, eating disorder, and mood disorder, have particular treatment to teach how to control oneself. Like a physical disease, a mental disorder requires early diagnosis to prevent severe symptoms that can influence daily life. Therefore, AI's use to stimulate early diagnosis by fast decision-making skill and tremendous data system can avoid the loss of golden time.
Furthermore, AI and robots are great technologies for the execution of surgery. Robotic surgery provides many benefits to patients and surgeons compared to open surgery with the incision. Robotic surgery can treat several conditions like Colorectal Surgery, Gynecologic Surgery, Heart surgery, and Endometriosis. Many conditions require laparoscopic surgery, that surgeons can use computers to control robots as assistance. The incision movement by the robot system's arms shows advanced dexterity and agility to handle the surgical site and offers more excellent visualization by an AI image-analyzing process. The computer system has the coordinate location data to prevent errors, and surgeons can magnify the surgical site. Therefore, surgical robots show better quality work and improved precise skill than open incision surgery (traditional way).
As AI and robots have developed the society and performed in numerous fields such as service production, vehicular industry, and communication business, AI technology will become the most efficient tool to grow the medical field. The early diagnosis and accurate surgery can determine the possibility of surviving. The early diagnosis by AI and robot systems decreases the mortality rates from disease and lowers the long-term care cost. Moreover, surgical robots enable more complicated surgery like incision. Significantly, AI can improve surgical conditions and minimize time-consuming. AI and Robots in healthcare and Surgery performance enhance the medical society and technology to prepare future advancement.
Bibliography
Benefits of Robotic Surgery. (n.d.). Retrieved December 23, 2020, from https://www.uchealth.com/services/robotic-surgery/patient-information/benefits/
Robert, E. (n.d.). Artificial Intelligence Revenue by Region, World Markets: 2015-2024 [Digital image]. Retrieved December 22, 2020, from https://omdia.tech.informa.com/search#?hottopics=AI
F. (n.d.). 3 Key Artificial intelligence Statistics You Should Know [Digital image]. Retrieved December 22, 2020, from https://www.amclaboratories.com/50-vital-artificial-intelligence-statistics-2019-data-analysis-market-share/
Early Detection of Dementia Is Important! (n.d.). Retrieved December 23, 2020, from https://www.fukushihoken.metro.tokyo.lg.jp/zaishien/ninchishou_navi/en/kisochishiki/ninchishou_4/index.html
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